Water-soluble adjuvants have outstanding advantages in applications for antibody discovery, especially when compared with oil adjuvants.

Crucially, water - soluble adjuvants do not damage the antigen structure. When combined with antigens, they interact in a gentle way that preserves the native conformation of the antigens. Unlike oil adjuvants, there are no chemical or emulsification - related issues that could alter the antigen's structure. This ensures that the antigens can accurately trigger the immune systems to generate effective immune responses.

In terms of safety, oil adjuvants often lead to problems such as the formation of oil masses at the injection site, which can cause inflammation and granulomas, resulting in distress for the animals. Water - soluble adjuvants, on the other hand, quickly disperse within the body and do not leave residues. This significantly reduces the risk of such adverse effects. Additionally, water - soluble adjuvants are more convenient to use. There is no need for the complex emulsification process required by oil adjuvants. Their operation is simple, and the dosage can be controlled more precisely.